North Star Theory
North Star Theory · Kitchen & nutrition
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A small tool for the kitchen

Same recipe. Different units.

Check a weight, a liquid measure or a temperature without losing your place in the kitchen. Choose the units carefully; an ounce is not always a fluid ounce.

The examples below remain readable without JavaScript. Editing becomes available when JavaScript has loaded.

Weight

Use decimals, such as 0.5, not fractions. Up to 6 decimal places; between 0 and 1,000,000.

Example conversion3.5274 oz

100 g → Ounces (weight)

Ounces here measure weight, not liquid volume. Use the weight setting on your scales.

Volume

Use decimals, such as 0.5, not fractions. Up to 6 decimal places; between 0 and 1,000,000.

Example conversion8.4535 US fl oz

250 ml → US fluid ounces

US customary and UK imperial fluid ounces are different. Choose the system written in your recipe.

Temperature

Use decimals, such as 0.5, not fractions. Up to 6 decimal places; no higher than 1,000,000.

Example conversion356 °F

180 °C → Degrees Fahrenheit

This changes the temperature unit only. It does not adjust for fan ovens, gas marks, cooking time or food doneness.

A conversion, not a recipe rewrite.

  • Results are rounded to up to four decimal places. Extra digits do not make your scales, jug or oven more precise. Very small results keep their sign and are shown with a less-than or greater-than limit, not rounded to zero.
  • Weight and volume stay separate. Cups or millilitres cannot reliably become grams without knowing the ingredient and how it is measured. Use the measured quantities in the recipe.
  • US fluid ounces here mean US customary measures, not the rounded units used on some nutrition labels. UK means imperial fluid ounces.
  • For ovens, follow the recipe's stated fan or conventional setting and doneness instructions. Converting °C to °F does not change the oven type or determine whether food is safely cooked.
How the numbers are calculated

Weight: 1 ordinary (avoirdupois) ounce = 28.349523125 grams. US liquid volume: 1 US gallon = 3,785.411784 ml, divided into 128 US fluid ounces. Definitions: NIST Handbook 44, Appendix C (2026).

UK liquid volume: 1 imperial gallon = 4,546.09 ml, divided into 160 imperial fluid ounces. Definition: Weights and Measures Act, Schedule 1.

Temperature: °F = (°C × 1.8) + 32; °C = (°F − 32) ÷ 1.8. Formula: NIST SI conversion factors. Temperatures below absolute zero are not accepted.

Sources checked 20 October 2026. Ordinary browser arithmetic is used; displayed answers are rounded. This tool does not change recipe quantities, serving options, shopping lists or cooking guidance.

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